Bremain Chair Sue Wilson recently summarised the conclusions and recommendations from the House of Lords EU Select Committee for Yorkshire Bylines:

You’d be forgiven for thinking the government prefers to avoid scrutiny at all costs. Whether it’s Brexit or covid, it’s been playing its cards close to its chest. Bills have been rushed through parliament at breakneck speed, and any criticism has been countered with suggestions that there is nothing to fear, as the government has it covered and can be trusted to do the right thing.

Those that welcomed the scrutiny provided by Hilary Benn’s House of Commons committee on the future relationship with EU – commonly referred to as the Brexit committee – were disappointed when it was disbanded in January.

The House of Lords equivalent – the EU select committee – is also about to close down, to be replaced by a new Lords European affairs committee. Whilst the chair and members of the new committee – expected to be formed at the beginning of April – are still unknown, it is likely that many of the existing members will move across to the new forum.

Beyond Brexit reports from the Lords EU select committee

Before they disband, the Lords committee, and its four subcommittees, have produced a final five reports, all under the heading ‘Beyond Brexit’. The reports each cover a different aspect of Brexit, and highlight areas of concern, with recommendations and suggestions on how those issues might be addressed.

Beyond Brexit report 1: the institutional framework

The first report, published on 22 March, speaks of “the haste with which the Trade and Co-operation Agreement (TCA) was agreed”, resulting in “many items of ‘unfinished business’”. Those items include “regulatory cooperation on financial services”, “suitable practical arrangements on asylum” and an agreement to complete negotiations “as soon as is reasonably practicable”.

In reference to the recent decision to unilaterally extend the ‘grace periods’, the committee concludes that the government “have so undermined trust that the possibility of ‘no deal’ – in other words, a failure to ratify the TCA – has now resurfaced”.

The complexity of the proposed governance structure underlines the need for transparency, accountability and Parliamentary oversight 4/7 pic.twitter.com/pnXwN5RNjO

— Lords EU Committee (@LordsEUCom) March 22, 2021

The committee call on the government “to commit to supporting effective scrutiny by both Houses”, including regular appearances of the minister overseeing relations before select committees. Given recent events, the committee recommends the government take all appropriate measures “in good faith to fulfil their obligations under the Agreement” and stresses the importance of rebuilding the trust “so undermined in recent times”.

Beyond Brexit report 2: food, environment, energy and health

The report expresses relief that the TCA achieved tariff and quota-free trade, though significant barriers to trade still exist. Those barriers have reduced the profitability of parts of Great Britain’s food and agriculture sectors, and the subcommittee recommends the government seek supplementary agreements with the EU.

But the committee is dismayed that the agrifood sector is facing “increased trade frictions” and says the sector is facing “very difficult challenges” thanks to increased paperwork and preparation required for food.

We found that food and agricultural producers 🍎🐄🐖🥔 find themselves facing new trade barriers in the form of #sanitaryandphytosanitary measures, extra paperwork, increased haulage costs, and outright export bans on some products 5/6 pic.twitter.com/muIU7c71dw

— Lords EU Committee (@LordsEUCom) March 23, 2021

On fisheries, the committee disagree with the government assessment that UK fishers will have 25 percent more quota in five and a half years’ time, saying the real figure is just 16.6 percent, and that the species whose quota will increase are “not necessarily those of value to the UK fishing industry”.

The need to export to the EU has to be balanced against the desire to acquire more fishing rights. The report points out that many difficulties facing the fishing industry “are a direct result of the UK’s withdrawal from the EU and its new status as a third country and thus represent unavoidable, long-term impacts on the sector”.

Compromises on the environment and climate change are welcomed, though the committee voices concerns about “the enforceability of some provisions”. Concerns are also raised over the possibility of rises in electricity prices, and the government is urged to provide guidance on current and future plans for cross-border electricity trading.

The #COVID19 #pandemic will compound the existing and alarming shortages in the 🇬🇧 #healthcare sector 🚑 We found in our #BeyondBrexit inquiry that the #TCA does nothing to relieve these pressures 1/6 https://t.co/SAVNpxR23t pic.twitter.com/Ey3Ekdn7qB

— Lords EU Committee (@LordsEUCom) March 23, 2021

On health, the committee appreciates the new arrangements for UK citizens when travelling, as well as the tariff-free exports of medicines and medical equipment.

But regarding staffing issues in the NHS and social care – exacerbated by the pandemic – the committee sees “no evidence of a credible plan from the government to address the shortage”. Although it supports measures to encourage more ‘homegrown’ care workers, it says that such measures “will take years to materialise, and the need is immediate”.

Beyond Brexit report 3: trade in services

With service industries accounting for 80 percent of the UK’s economic output in 2019, they are central to the economy. The report says that whilst the TCA is preferable to no agreement, “significant challenges remain”.

The financial sector contributes £132bn to the UK economy – that’s 6.9 percent of total economic output and more than 10 percent of UK tax receipts (2019/20). Exit from the passporting regime has already resulted in the movement of activity and jobs to the EU, which may, in time, lead to a further export of people and assets.

While the TCA alleviates some of the uncertainty for professional and business services, it represents “a major change from Single Market membership”. UK service providers are facing a “patchwork of complicated rules” which act as a barrier to trade, hitting smaller businesses the hardest. Tourism and travel sectors will be particularly hard hit, “undermining opportunities especially for young people”.

The committee recommends that the government does as much as possible to persuade and incentivise service providers to maintain their economic activity in the UK, as well as encouraging EU providers to establish themselves in the UK.

The lack of recognition of professional qualifications is “disappointing” and could affect many sectors. The committee urges the government to seek an agreement with the EU to resolve this issue.

The report does not recommend divergence from EU regulation for divergence’s sake alone, nor alignment for alignment’s sake.

We found that 🇬🇧 providers of professional and business services face a patchwork of different rules across the 🇪🇺 3/5 pic.twitter.com/sELjqTVrJf

— Lords EU Committee (@LordsEUCom) March 24, 2021

The creative industry sector was worth over £100bn in 2019. It grew at twice the rate of the rest of the UK economy and employed over two million people. Beyond the financial benefits, the committee notes that a thriving creative industry brings “a sense of pride, community and joy, as well as promoting UK values and ‘soft power’ abroad”.

The mobility provisions of the #TCA could have a major negative impact on the creative industries 🎼🎨🎭🩰 4/5 pic.twitter.com/zHoSKAJe57

— Lords EU Committee (@LordsEUCom) March 24, 2021

The committee was “deeply concerned” about the impact the loss of freedom of movement is having on the sector, making touring “prohibitively bureaucratic and expensive”. It urges the government to negotiate a bilateral and reciprocal agreement, as a matter of urgency, to make mobility arrangements for touring performers, creative teams and crews.

On research and education, the committee regrets the government’s decision not to participate in the Erasmus scheme, and draws attention to the shortcomings of the replacement Turing scheme – namely that it makes no provision for inbound student mobility and doesn’t cover tuition fees or travel costs. It also expresses concern about the costs of the new scheme and says there are “significant gaps in current proposals”.

The committee notes that a future relationship with the EU would be “critical to the continuing success of the UK’s research and education programme”.

Beyond Brexit report 4: trade in goods

The committee recognises that the TCA is preferable to a ‘no deal’ outcome, but that it “does not rectify significant regulatory, logistical and administrative barriers to trade arising from the UK’s status as a third country”. It suggests an “ambitious” approach to trade with the EU and urges both parties to work together in a “spirit of cooperation and openness”.

Considerable barriers to 🇬🇧-🇪🇺 trade in goods remain, says EU Committee in new #BeyondBrexit report 1/5 https://t.co/IDCSeqRt9R pic.twitter.com/SGJuphSaVM

— Lords EU Committee (@LordsEUCom) March 25, 2021

The government’s commitment to maintaining high labour and social standards is welcomed. Should any changes to these standards be considered in future, the report recommends caution, transparency and consultation.

Amongst the biggest issues facing traders are rules of origin requirements, which present both short-term administrative issues and long-term structural challenges. Businesses have had little time to adapt, and implementation has been exacerbated by administrative difficulties.

The government is advised to ensure full awareness of the need to follow the rules and to embark on a programme of industry engagement “to identify and pursue simplifications to adherence processes”. The rules of origin requirements mean that a substantial supply chain shift in certain sectors is likely, adding significant costs for many UK businesses, as well as exporters in developing countries.

We found that rules of origin requirements are causing major changes and introducing significant costs for UK businesses 3/5 pic.twitter.com/z7T7RdMFha

— Lords EU Committee (@LordsEUCom) March 25, 2021

Traders in animal and plant products have perhaps been hardest hit by additional red tape. Many of their products cannot be stockpiled and face the most stringent of checks. Physical sanitary and phytosanitary measures could become “a permanent barrier to trade”, unless both parties can agree mitigations to the current scheme.

The government is advised to seek agreement for a “trusted trader scheme” to enable some businesses to benefit from simplifications to customs or safety and security processes.

Funding for the development of physical customs infrastructure has been “insufficient”, and further funding should be released before checks are imposed. The government must adopt “a pragmatic approach to border inspection as new requirements are phased in”.

Guidance for traders needs to be easier for businesses to understand, “and honest about the complexity of some of the new requirements”. The committee recognises that the government is starting to take these messages on board, but further steps to improve the advice and support to businesses are needed.

Beyond Brexit report 5: policing, law enforcement and security

The final report, published on 26 March, welcomes provisions for the sharing of passenger record data between the UK and the EU, and for continued UK access to EU databases covering fingerprints, DNA and criminal records, and agreement on extradition arrangements.

Also welcome are commitments to the rule of law and the European Convention on Human Rights – described as “essential elements” of the TCA, and to data protection rights. Should the UK decide in future not to stay aligned with EU data protection rules, the agreements could be suspended, or even terminated.

The committee notes that an unavoidable consequence of the agreement is that it no longer provides the “same level of collaboration” as when the UK was an EU member state. The influence and leadership the UK previously enjoyed, in the shaping of instruments of EU law enforcement and judicial cooperation have ended.

There are significant gaps, however, including the end of UK access to the EU #SchengenInformationSystem, which provides vital policing information in real time. The alternative, the I-24/7 database, does not provide such real-time data 2/6 pic.twitter.com/hMgKD8UyCF

— Lords EU Committee (@LordsEUCom) March 26, 2021

One of the most significant consequences is the loss of the Schengen Information System, and the real-time access to data it provided. This data included persons/objects of interest, and wanted or missing persons.

The committee says there are many reasons “to be cautious” about drawing conclusions as to the effectiveness of the TCA in practice, noting that many of the provisions of the agreement are detailed, complex and untried.

The report highlights concerns over the government’s decision not to negotiate an agreement on future cooperation on family law. In 2017, the EU justice subcommittee warned of the effect on the lives of many UK citizens if important EU regulations on child maintenance, divorce and international child abduction were not replaced after Brexit.

The committee calls on the government to explain the delay in applying to join the Lugano Convention, and asks it to outline steps being taken to reach a resolution.

Beyond Brexit in summary

What comes across time and again in the five reports is the fact that there is much work still to be done. The importance of maintaining good relations with the EU cannot be understated.

Recent UK government actions have caused considerable friction and are counter-productive for a good working partnership. The government must make every effort to undo the damage and to rebuild trust and good will between the two parties.

In recent correspondence with Lisa Burton – Bremain in Spain vice-chair – EU select committee chair, Lord Kinnoull, said of the forthcoming replacement committee:

We look forward to its establishment, and to the continuing scrutiny of life after Brexit and government actions.

As we approach 100 days of post-Brexit reality, we have already witnessed considerable harmful effects to the UK economy and trade, and negative impacts on lives and livelihoods. Thanks to the ‘grace periods’, many measures have yet to come into effect.

Even allowing for improvements in trade as companies adjust and come to grips with new requirements, any steps forward are unlikely to compensate for further steps backward as stricter measures start to bite.

Companies that have exported assets and jobs to protect their interests are unlikely to reverse measures already taken. Those EU (and in some cases UK) citizens that have emigrated thanks to stricter rules, and ill treatment, are unlikely to return.

Welcome to the sunny uplands of Brexit. It’s only going to get worse before it gets better.

If it gets better.

Our Chair Sue Wilson recently wrote this article for Yorkshire Bylines about the stereotypes of the British abroad:

When the British press write about Brits abroad – most especially about Brits in Spain – we’re often depicted as a collection of stereotypes. We play golf or bowls, drink too much, spend all day on the beach and complain about the weather.

I’ll give them that last one – we are British after all, and complaining about the weather is a national sport, no matter where you live. The rest of it is inaccurate and irritating.

The stereotype of Brits abroad is hugely inaccurate

Let’s get some facts straight to start with. If you’ve read an article about us, you could be forgiven for thinking we’re all retirees. In fact, only 20 percent of British citizens living in Europe are pensioners, though that figure rises to 25 percent in Spain. The majority of UK nationals in Europe are younger, working, with families, and well integrated into local society. Many of the children are more Spanish than British, and most are fluent in at least two languages.

The ‘expat’ label

Despite how much the term ‘expat’ is despised by many of us, it is widely used by the media. It’s understandable, as it’s understood by the British public and is an easy shorthand.

Personally, like many of us that would fall into that category, I refer to myself as a British immigrant. Not only is it a preferable description of who I am, but it comes without any connotations of being different, or superior to any other migrant. Until such time as EU citizens in the UK are regularly labelled expats, then I won’t be.

Where does the stereotype of Brits abroad come from?

Of course, stereotypes are not made up out of thin air. If you go to certain parts of Spain, you’ll find gin-drinking, bowls-playing Brits in many an English pub, enjoying their ‘full English’ or Sunday roast.

The Brit-heavy centres of the Costa del Sol and Costa Blanca are favoured haunts of the British press. The rest of Spain, and those of us desperate to avoid that stereotypical ‘expat’ life, are largely ignored by the media.

The role of the media

As chair of Bremain in Spain, I’ve been approached many times by journalists looking for Brits in Spain to interview. They usually contact me with a pre-set agenda and a specific area of Spain in mind.

In the pre-covid days when interviews were conducted face-to-face, that was understandable. Visiting journalists with limited budgets and time chose to focus on areas of high emigrant density. In an effort to talk to as many people as possible, they would visit unrepresentative British-only enclaves. There’s no excuse for that now though, when interviews are conducted by phone, Skype, Zoom or email.

The other issue is the pre-determined criteria. I am often asked to find pensioners worried about their healthcare, as if those were the only people suffering from Brexit, and healthcare the only concern.

Younger, working Brits are not concerned about healthcare – they pay into the excellent Spanish health service. Similarly, pensions are not a worry for them, as they’ll receive a generous Spanish pension, rather than a meagre British one. What concerns them more is how Brexit has affected their employability, and removed their opportunities to live and work in another EU country.

Or the opportunities that have been taken away from their children.

Misleading news accounts

A recent Sunday Times article claimed that, “Tempers fray among expats as Brexit rules cast shadow over Costa sunspots”. The reason for our anger, apparently, is that we’re being asked to apply for residency cards and being forced to switch to Spanish driving licences. As a result, “it has forced many to abandon their sunny retirement and resettle in the UK”.

It’s true that Brexit and third country national rules have forced many with second homes in the sun to decide which country to call home. But anyone previously spending more time in Spain than in the UK, should have already applied for residency, and switched to a Spanish driving licence. Those are not new rules.

What is different now is that those previously choosing to live ‘under the radar’, for whatever reason, will no longer be able to do so.

English exceptionalism

Despite numerous warnings from legal residents, Brexit supporters were largely convinced that Brexit would change nothing. Even now, there are still a worrying number convinced that Spain will turn a blind eye to their lawbreaking, or that the UK and Spain will come to some hastily agreed arrangement to keep everything as it was.

We still hear – too often for comfort – how Spain needs the Brits, and their spending power, more than we need them.

There’s no doubt that British tourists are important to the Spanish economy, and that third country national rules may affect how long visitors stay in the future. But, to suggest that Spain – or any other EU country – would allow UK visitors to stay longer than other non-EU citizens is wishful thinking.

Any European government would much rather, I’m sure, have those staying for more than 180 days a year register as legal, tax-paying residents. Even if tourism income declines, there will be a measure of compensation from those now paying taxes they’ve conveniently, and in many cases deliberately, avoided paying for years.

The real impact of Brexit

Despite media stories to the contrary, I haven’t witnessed a mass exodus of Brits leaving the country. But then I don’t live in a Brit-only enclave on a Costa, described by the Times as a “Brexiteer hotbed”.

For all those whose tempers are fraying over having to register, or switch driving licences, there are tens of thousands of us whose tempers have been fraying for the last five years. For very different reasons.

Whether or not you voted for Brexit, we all have plenty to be angry about. Let’s just make sure the anger is directed at those responsible for our woes. In case you weren’t sure, that isn’t Spain, or the EU. It’s the British government that sold the country a series of lies and promised us a future of opportunities.

Instead, we ended up with less than we had. If that doesn’t make your temper fray, nothing will.

Bremain in Spain’s Vice Chair Lisa Burton recently wrote this piece about her company’s post Brexit experience for Yorkshire Bylines:

For many sellers on Amazon, Brexit is causing significant problems. Last week my company decided to attempt our first shipment into one of Amazon’s European fulfilment centres since Britain left the European Union on 1 January 2021.

As I explained in a previous article, the UK’s departure from the European Union means UK sellers are no longer eligible to participate in Amazon’s European Fulfilment Network or Amazon’s Pan-European service. Around 12 percent of our sales came from participation in Amazon’s Pan-European programme.

After three months of lost revenue on those European sales, it was time to face the issues and send a shipment to an Amazon European distribution centre. We picked Germany for our first ‘test’ run. Initial delays seemed to have settled; we had already successfully imported and exported to EU business customers under the new rules, so we had some experience by now of what was required and the possible issues.

Sales to Amazon, prior to Brexit

Pre-Brexit, as an FBA (fulfilment by Amazon) seller, we shipped our inventory directly into Amazon UK fulfilment centres only. We signed up to the Pan-European scheme several years before, which meant we already had tax registration numbers in several EU countries.

Amazon would analyse our stock holding to see what was required and then locate our products throughout their distribution centres in the European Union, opening our products for next-day, Prime delivery to their European customers. Amazon knows their marketplaces best, so for us, there was no effort required once set up except for supplying our tax agents monthly sales reports.

Planning for Brexit and future Amazon FBA sales

Preparing for Brexit was impossible to a point, not just for us but for all businesses involved in importing and exporting. After all, it was only days before the end of the transition period that we had any idea of what the trade deal was going to look like.

My team and I put in many hours of research, reading, speaking with shippers, HMRC, tax agents. We watched Amazon videos, webinars and more, to be as prepared as we possibly could be. From this research, this is what we ensured we had in place.

• Every item on our stock inventory had to have country-of-origin codes – this required many staff-hours and an IT solution.
• Tax registration in every EU country we wanted Amazon to hold our products.
• An authorised tax agent (Required in some EU countries for non-EU based businesses) to handle tax obligations in that country.
• A UK Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number). One for our wholesale company and our online company from the UK Government.
• A European EORI number (EUEORI) obtained from the authorities in the relevant EU countries.
• A Duty Deferment Account (DDA) as advised by HMRC, this acts like a suspense account where any customs duties, import VAT and excise duties incurred can be added to that account and paid monthly to avoid hold-ups with unexpected costs.

What will sales to Amazon look like post-Brexit?

With all that in place, we had to decide what stock to send. Amazon had always made those decisions for us. Their analytics looked at our stock items. They had access to all the necessary data to move the required stock items to their other EU marketplaces. Amazon’s selling and storage fees are not cheap. Maintaining optimum stock levels in multiple countries is going to be challenging. One we are about to face.

With that done, we moved to the requirements of the shipping invoice. We quickly realised that sending stock from ‘yourself’ in the UK to ‘yourself’ in another EU country, was going to be different and slightly more complex because although it was going to Amazon, they are not the receiver or importer of the goods.

Bureaucratic challenges posed by Brexit

We asked our shipping company representative to look over the paperwork to ensure we had the correct EORI numbers and VAT numbers, and that the seller, shipper and receiver were correctly listed. Amazon takes no responsibility for the importation of the products, so this was vital. He then had to speak to a ‘Brexit expert’ as even for him; this was a first. He came back to me, and the conversation went along these lines:

“You need the address for the IOR” (importer of record), he informed us.

“We are both exporter and importer, so it is our address” was my reaction.

“No, you need a physical address in Germany.”

“But we have a legal tax representative in Germany, is that it?”

“No, your company needs a physical business address in Germany!”

Luckily, I have people I know in Germany. A friend pointed me in someone’s direction, and we manage to get an address. So today, after a week of back and forth, ensuring we had everything in place, our first shipment to Amazon EU left our premises. We now have to repeat the process for France, Italy, Spain.

Widespread difficulties for Amazon FBA seller

150,000 UK Amazon FBA sellers lost easy access to the European marketplace on 1 January 2021* and with that access to a potential 447 million EU customers. As you can tell by this article, it’s not impossible to sell your products FBA in the European marketplace after Brexit.

But as you can also tell, for the vast majority of sellers who used Amazon European Services pre-Brexit, the whole process becomes far too costly and complicated. We now have to consider more staff-hours, higher shipping costs, customs fees, and more accounting time due to more complex VAT submissions.

The sad reality is that all these additional costs will have to be passed on to the consumer, making products more expensive for the customer and the business less competitive.

Exporting to the EU, post-Brexit

I was not surprised by the Office for National Statistics report, that showed exports to the EU plunged by £5.6bn (40.7 percent) in January, with imports down 28.8 percent. It will take a significant amount of time and effort before we know whether replacing these sales will be cost-effective or even successful. I may even be counting my chickens before they have even hatched.

The stock hasn’t arrived in Germany yet, let alone been checked into Amazon’s distribution centre so there is still a lot that could go wrong. Let’s hope that isn’t ‘literally’ another story.

* There are 281,000 UK Amazon sellers in total – 57 percent of Amazon sellers are solely FBA sellers.

Bremain Chair Sue Wilson’s latest piece for Yorkshire Bylines:

When the Brexit transition period expired on 31 December 2020, British citizens lost their EU citizenship status. As a result, we became third-country nationals, with visits to Europe now limited to stays of 90 days in any 180-day period. That’s not just in one EU country, but all of them combined.

As British holidaymakers come to terms with the new rules, Britons currently on extended stays in Europe are running out of time. On 31 March, their 90 days will be up.

Many of those currently on extended visits have been in Europe since before Brexit was ‘done’. For those that arrived before the end of the transition period, the option of applying for European residency – under pre-Brexit terms – is still viable for the next three months. New applicants in Spain are being encouraged to register as a matter of urgency but are experiencing delays as regional authorities struggle to cope with demand.

The pending arrival of the Brexit deadline last year encouraged many Brits with long-held dreams of emigration to expedite their plans. By doing so, they ensured the avoidance of more onerous and costly EU entry criteria, as well as improving their future rights as residents. Applicants who can prove they were legally living in an EU country prior to 1 January will qualify for protections afforded us by the Withdrawal Agreement (WA). Whilst the WA does not protect all our prior EU citizenship rights, it provides additional security, not least with regard to healthcare and pensions.

‘Swallows’ in trouble

Not all British citizens currently on extended stays in the EU aspire to becoming residents. Many will be holidaying second-home owners – commonly referred to as ‘swallows’, as they migrate south for the winter. Others may be family members of residents of Spain, perhaps visiting parents or children. While some may have planned to stay for weeks, others only intended a Christmas visit but were caught out by Covid restrictions or flight cancellations. They now find themselves in difficult circumstances, perhaps unaware of the full ramifications of their situation.

In normal times, an extension to the allowed 90-day stay is only granted in the event of ill health or accident, but these are not normal times. The European Union is encouraging member states to be flexible and to grant extensions where necessary, but, ultimately, the decision rests with national governments.

Brexit means Brexit

As of 1 April, any non-resident failing to apply for an extension will officially become an ‘undocumented’ immigrant and could be fined or placed under an ‘expulsion order’. If deported, they could face a ban against re-entry – not just to Spain, but to most other European countries – for up to five years.

During the first Covid lockdown a year ago, Spain made special arrangements allowing thousands of third-country nationals to extend their visit. In May 2020, with Spain under a ‘state of alert’, a three-month extension to the 90-day rule was announced. This time around, and with less stringent Covid measures and travel restrictions, no such extension will be granted. The British Embassy in Madrid has confirmed that the grace period for travellers is no longer valid and added, “Any stays beyond the 90 days in any 180-day period will be dependent on the applicable visas and immigration rules for Spain. This may require applying for a visa and/or permit”.

Paperwork and deadlines

Dealing with Spanish bureaucracy can be difficult at the best of times, especially for those without a firm grasp of the language. Forms in quadruplicate, long lists of required documents (some of which have a very limited shelf life) and a shortage of appointments with the relevant authorities all add to the levels of complexity and anxiety.

In order to apply for an extension to your stay in Spain, you must prove your ability to support yourself during that period. This means demonstrating you have additional travel and medical insurance for the period in question. Any medical insurance must include the cost of repatriation in the event of accident or illness. A return ticket is also required, dated within the timeframe of the extension period, as well as documentation proving you have the financial means to support yourself. All documentation must be translated into Spanish, and any application must be made before the 90-day period comes to an end. Whether the authorities will actively seek out those overstaying their welcome remains to be seen, but police spot checks are commonplace, especially during the pandemic.

Third country reality

Many Brits coming close to the end of their allowed 90 days may be lulling themselves into a false sense of security. Perhaps they believe the Spanish authorities’ response to Brexit will be as lackadaisical as the British government’s response has been. If they are relying on the Spanish authorities needing time to adjust to new arrangements, they may be making a serious error of judgement. Third-country rules may be new to us, but they are not new to Spain, or to any other EU country. They have been applying them to other foreign nationals for years. All that was necessary was for the UK to be added to an existing list. Welcome to the slow lane.

Bremain Chair Sue Wilson writes for West England Bylines for International Women’s Day:

Perhaps the question shouldn’t be about whether it’s fair, but whether it’s necessary. Until such time as global society truly reflects gender parity for all, then events like International Women’s Day will remain both essential and welcome.

The theme of this year’s International Women’s Day is #ChooseToChallenge. The event’s dedicated website states, “We can all choose to challenge and call out gender bias and inequality” and “to seek out and celebrate women’s achievements.” The day marks “a call to action for accelerating gender parity” and is described as “one of the most important days of the year to raise awareness about women’s equality”, or the lack of it.

One of the most obvious ways that women are discriminated against is in the workplace, with regard to remuneration. Although the gender pay gap in the UK has improved over time, there remains a significant median difference between male and female earnings of 15.5% (in 2020), though this varies considerably across the UK, and across different age brackets.

The UK figure is only slightly higher than the European Union average, which is just below 15%. The percentage varies enormously across the EU, with Romania at only 3% and Estonia, at the other end of the spectrum, at 23%. However, a narrower gender pay gap does not tell the whole story, as it often occurs in countries that have lower levels of female employment.

The Covid pandemic, and its economic fall-out, has had a negative impact on gender equality. Not only are women’s jobs more at risk, but the burden of providing unpaid care has increased disproportionately for women. During lockdown, women have largely taken on the additional roles in the home of teachers, nurses and care providers.

In addition, women are at greater risk from the virus itself, as a higher proportion work in the frontline care sector.

Despite women being disproportionately affected by the Covid crisis, many have spectacularly risen above the challenges. The world has watched with admiration, and a hint of envy, as leaders like Jacinda Ardern have demonstrated stability, strength and decisiveness in the face of extreme difficulties. At a time when others – not least our own prime minister – were dithering and uncommunicative, Ardern was making tough, effective decisions, and doing so with compassion, intelligence and honesty.

The appointment, in November 2020, of the first female, woman of colour to the Vice Presidency of America was a huge step forward for women’s rights. Even before the US election was over, the media were already talking of the possibility of Kamala Harris becoming the next president in 2024. The breath of fresh air that Harris (and Biden) have brought to American politics has given a sense of hope and opportunity to women everywhere.

Like Covid, Brexit has also seen strong, courageous women taking centre stage, even in the face of significant hostility. In 2019, another barrier was broken when Ursula von der Leyen became the first female President of the European Commission. Angela Merkel, another significant actor in the Brexit debacle, has been German Chancellor for over 15 years. In stark contrast to some of our own politicians, Merkel has demonstrated an incredible ability to communicate intelligently and clearly with the German public that has us gazing in awe. It is difficult to envisage European politics of the future without her.

If one woman has stood out in the UK over the last five years, for me it would have to be the amazing Gina Miller. She has taken the Brexit battle to the courts and provided much of the opposition to the government, and Brexit, that was woefully lacking in Westminster. Not only has she proved an intelligent, determined and forthright champion, but she has done so at huge personal cost, largely due to discrimination of a much darker variety.

Brexit reminded us, in no uncertain terms, that xenophobia and bigotry are alive and well in the UK. There’s a great deal of work to be done to eliminate discrimination, in all its forms, and to call it out at every opportunity. We cannot afford to be complacent or to leave the hard work to others. We can all “choose to challenge”.

When we consider the women who inspire or impress us, we also look closer to home. Our mothers, grandmothers, sisters, aunts, and daughters may not be famous, but their influence on our outlook and behaviour are just as, and perhaps even more so, significant. As is ours on them. Today is a day to celebrate all women – those we know and love, and those we admire and respect. We celebrate those that have fought tough battles to make it in a male-dominated world. We celebrate those that have raise us and nurtured us. We celebrate those that have educated us and inspired us. We celebrate those in the spotlight, and those behind the scenes, and we promise to do the same tomorrow, when it’s not your special day.
Happy International Women’s Day to us all!